Increasing Black Americans’ participation in clinical trials:  a qualitative analysis

Billie Castle; Petera Diaban; LeKeisha Williams; Patricia Davis; William Kirchain; Soon Ja Elzey

doi:10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20262500

Authors

Billie Castle Department of Public Health, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
Petera Diaban SMALA Consulting Group, LLC Metairie, LA, United States of America
LeKeisha Williams College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
Patricia Davis College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
William Kirchain College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
Soon Ja Elzey Department of Biomedical Sciences, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, United States of America

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20262500

Keywords:

Clinical trial, Clinical trial recruitment, Research participation, Research diversity

Abstract

Background: Black Americans are underrepresented in clinical trials, a disparity that limits the applicability of medical research and perpetuates health inequities. This underrepresentation is particularly urgent given its implications for health outcomes, as it hinders the development of treatments tailored to diseases disproportionately affecting Black populations, such as hypertension, diabetes, and certain cancers. Without equitable representation in clinical trials, advancements in these areas may not fully address the unique needs of Black communities, further exacerbating existing health disparities.

Methods: This qualitative study analyzed data from four focus groups conducted in the summer of 2024 to explore perceptions of clinical trials among Black Americans. Participants, primarily over the age of 40, were recruited from diverse community settings. Deductive content analysis identified themes around knowledge gaps, attitudes, barriers, motivators, and communication strategies for healthcare providers.

Results: Results revealed a general understanding of the purpose of clinical trials. Barriers included mistrust rooted in historical injustices, logistical challenges, and perceived risks, while motivators focused on community benefits, compensation, and ease of participation. Participants emphasized the importance of clear, culturally sensitive communication and suggested leveraging a wide variety of marketing channels and community partnerships.

Conclusions: These findings will guide the development of a social marketing campaign, and a provider training curriculum aimed at increasing clinical trial participation among marginalized communities.

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