The impact of “internet of things”: advancing patient monitoring and health outcomes to enhance healthcare quality: a systematic review

Ritu Kumari; B. Kalyani; Pratibha Dabhi; Kashish Malhotra; Meenakshi Mundotiya; Rajveer S. Khatodiya; Suhashini; Mohammed Umar

doi:10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20253339

Authors

Ritu Kumari Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, ANM Training Institute Neemchak, Bathani, Gaya, Bihar, India
B. Kalyani Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, Dr. C. Sobhanadri Siddhartha School of Nursing, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Pratibha Dabhi School of Medico-Legal Studies, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Kashish Malhotra Department of Medico Legal Institute, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
Meenakshi Mundotiya Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government College of Nursing, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Rajveer S. Khatodiya Department of Medico Legal Institute, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
Suhashini Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, HKES College of Nursing Kalaburagi, Karnataka India
Mohammed Umar Department of Nursing, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20253339

Keywords:

Internet of things, Healthcare quality, Patient monitoring, Health outcomes, Digital health, Systematic review

Abstract

The internet of things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, reshaping patient monitoring, data collection, and clinical decision-making. As the global healthcare landscape becomes increasingly digitized, understanding the contributions of IoT to quality enhancement is critical. This systematic review explores the current evidence on the impact of IoT on patient monitoring and health outcomes, focusing on its role in improving healthcare quality. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar databases was conducted for studies published between January 2015 and May 2025. Keywords included “IoT in healthcare,” “patient monitoring,” “health outcomes,” and “quality improvement.” Studies were included if they focused on IoT applications in healthcare settings with measured outcomes related to patient care or quality. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. A total of 58 studies were included. The majority demonstrated significant improvement in early detection of clinical deterioration, chronic disease management, remote patient monitoring, and reduction in hospital readmissions. IoT was found to enhance real-time decision-making, lower operational costs, and improve patient satisfaction and safety metrics. IoT plays a pivotal role in advancing healthcare delivery by enhancing monitoring capabilities and health outcomes. However, ethical challenges, cybersecurity concerns, and interoperability barriers remain. Strategic investments and regulatory frameworks are essential for sustainable IoT integration.

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